Summarization Of The Communication Process

Summarization Of The Communication Process Communication can best be summarized as the transmission of a message from a sender to a receiver in an understandable manner. The message may be verbal or non-verbal. Besides that, communication is the process of sharing our ideas, thoughts, and feelings with other people and having those ideas, thoughts, and feelings understood by the people we are talking with. When we communicate we speak , listen, and observe. A key to interpreting communication is to find the meanings of messages, and those meanings are found in people, not in words. Your friends meaning of trust or happiness may be quite different than yours. Communication is a continuous process that begins with a first encounter between people and does not end until the last encounter in their lives. These encounters may involve functional messages that serve practical purposes, or, in cases of close ties, the encounters may also involve nurturing messages that convey a sense of caring and personal connection. In addition, c ommunication is a complex, ongoing process that brings us into contact with the people in our world. Often communication is viewed as a straightforward exchange of messages between a speaker and a listener, but this is a na?ve view. Communication also is a dynamic, transactional (two-way) process that can be broken into six phases. The communication process is repeated until both parties have finished expressing themselves. This has shown in appendix in figure 1.1. 1 The sender has an idea. Senders conceive an idea and want to share it. The sender encodes the idea. When sender put an idea into a message that a receiver will understand, sender are encoding it: that is, deciding on the form, length, organization, tone, and styleall of which depend on sender idea, audience, and personal style or mood. The sender transmits the message. To physically transmit the message to receiver, senders select a communication channel (verbal or nonverbal, spoken or written) and a medium (telephone, letter, memo, e-mail, report, face-to-face). The receiver gets the message. For communication to occur, receiver must first get the message. The receiver decodes the message. Receiver must decode (absorb and understand) your message. The receiver sends feedback. After decoding sender message, the receiver responds and signals that response to sender. 2 Sender can anticipate problems, make decisions, coordinate work flow, supervise others, develop relationships, and promote products and services. Sender can shape the impressions and he/she company make on colleagues, employees, supervisors, investors, and customers in addition to perceiving and responding to the needs of these stakeholders (the various groups you interact with). Without effective communication, people misunderstand each other and misinterpret information. Ideas misfire or fail to gain attention, and people and companies flounder. Effective workplace communication can promote the following: ? Quicker problem solving ? Stronger decision making ? Increased productivity ? Steadier work flows ? Stronger business relationships ? Compelling promotional materials ? Enhanced professional image ? Improved stakeholder response 3 The importance of effective communication is immeasurable in the world of business and in personal life. From a business perspective, effective communication is an absolute must, because it commonly accounts for the difference between success and failure or profit and loss. It has become clear that effective business communication is critical to the successful operation of modern enterprise. Every business person needs to understand the fundamentals of effective communication. Effective communication involves a message being sent and received. Added to this however, is the element of feedback to ensure that the message sent was received exactly as intended. This concept may be illustrated using three-step communication model. This has shown in appendix in figure 1.2 Sending The Message There are four element involved in sending a message. First, as the instructor (sender), must formulate the message intend to communicate. Next, consider possible barriers that may affect the message. This includes sender experience, the terms that will use, and even the feeling toward the subject or the students. External barriers such as noise must also be considered. Third, senders encode the message; that is, put the message into the words that want to use. Last, clearly communicate (send) the message. 4 Receiving The Message There are also four elements involved in receiving a message. The student (receivers) will first hear and see the message u sent. Second, the message is affected by external barriers, if any, and the students own internal barriers. Possible internal barriers may include the students experience level, their understanding of the terms used, their attitude toward the material, or the way they feel about you. Third, your students decode the message through the use of mental images. Communication Barriers Physical barriers This barrier is particularly important when speaking to a group or audience. If the audience perceives you as distant from them, looking down on them, or simply not reachable, then they will not be as receptive to the message you are trying to share Language Barriers Buzzwords, jargon and slang are very specialized. Using them will always prevent some portion of the potential audience from understanding your message. That includes people who might benefit from your message, if it were presented in a way they understood. 5 Lack of Credibility If its evident that sender are speaking strictly from book knowledge, rather than personal experience, or if audience does not see how what sender are saying could possibly be true, this creates a credibility problem. The audience will suspect that sender dont know what he/she talking about. As a sender, need to make sure that the stories has been tell dont lead the audience to question sender credibility and authenticity. Gender Barrier It has been demonstrated in studies that women communicate more on a regular basis than men do. Though both sexes have both kinds of communicators, women are more likely to be right-brain communicators abstract and intuitive. Men are more likely to be left-brain communicators linear and logical. Depending on your own makeup, this could be a barrier. Both men and women have to learn how to communicate in a way that allows both sexes to receive and understand the message. Emotional barriers One of the chief barriers to open and free communications is the emotional barrier. It is comprised mainly of fear, mistrust and suspicion. The roots of our emotional mistrust of others lie in our childhood and infancy when we were taught to be careful what we said to others. 6 Cultural barriers When we join a group and wish to remain in it, sooner or later we need to adopt the behaviour patterns of the group. These are the behaviours that the group accept as signs of belonging. The group rewards such behaviour through acts of recognition, approval and inclusion. In groups which are happy to accept, and where he/she are happy to conform, there is a mutuality of interest and a high level of win-win contact. Where, however, there are barriers to the membership of a group, a high level of game-playing replaces good communication. How does one ensure that the intended audience has received the right message In a speech, one must always present something that is related to the topic or focus of the speech. If talk about food, can speak about other related things like nutrition, malnutrition and benefits of foods but dont go too far away from subject. Since talk with nutrition in relation to food, always try to bring it close to the topic food. Also, make sure make statements that would make people turn their attention to the speaker, just not unnecessary unrelated ones. Skip the middle man If audience actually has another, larger audience, make sure they arent the real target. 7 Speak clearly This should be obvious enough, but clearly the President didnt get it this time. Speaker message needs to be clear Stay Relaxed To stay relaxed speaker should be prepared. Also, focus on the message and not the audience. Use gestures, including walking patterns. Practice the opening of the speech and plan exactly how to say it. The audience will judge speaker in the first 30 seconds they see it. Pay attention to all details Make sure speaker have the right location (school, hotel, room time). Make sure he/she know how to get to where to speaking. Ask how large an audience speaker will be speaking to. Make sure speaker bring all visual aids and plenty of handouts. Arrive early so speaker can check out where will be speaking and make any last minute adjustments. It is very important that speaker pay attention to even the smallest details 8

Lab Report Investigating the Rate of Reaction Between Marble Chips and Acid when Variables are Changed :: essays research papers

Investigating the rate of reaction between marble chips and acid when variables are changed Aim: to find out how changing the concentration of acid by diluting it affects the rate of reaction. Planning: I will use marble chips and different concentrations of hydrochloric acid and water to see how it affects the rate of reaction. I will use 30ml of liquid made up of different concentrations of acid diluted with water. Introduction: I have decided to vary the concentration of the acid as my variable I could have chosen other variables to change such as changing the heat of the acid, the size of the marble chips and many others variables. The word equation for this reaction is Marble + Hydrochloric ïÆ'  , Carbon + Water + Calcium Chips Acid Dioxide Chloride and the symbol equation for this is CaCl + CO2 + H2O so CaCO + HCl ïÆ'  , CaCl + CO2 + H2O. Apparatus: A Stop Clock - To determine how long it takes to collect enough gas to fill the measuring cylinder. A Water Bath - To stop the water escaping from the measuring cylinder. A Measuring cylinder - To measure the amount of gas that is given off. A Chronicle Flask - Contains the marble chips, hydrochloric acid and the water that will make the reaction. A Tube - To connect the conical flask to the measuring cylinder. Method: Firstly, I will measure out 0.5 grams of powdered marble chips. Next I will measure out different concentrations of acid, these concentrations are, 30ml acid no water, 25ml acid 5ml water, 20ml acid 10ml water and 15ml acid 15ml water. I will then put the powdered marbled chips in the chronicle flask along with the acid and put the stopper on top. I will then record how long it takes for it to fill the measuring cylinder up. I will repeat each experiment 4 times so I can work out an average Prediction: I predict that when I have a higher concentration I will have a faster rate of reaction. I believe this is so because as you increase the concentration of the acid, there are more acid particles in the same volume. Therefore there is a greater chance of acid particles colliding, and reacting with more particles on the surface of the marble. So, this means that the higher the concentration of my acid the faster the reaction. Results: Test/acid strength 30ml acid no water 25ml acid 5ml water 20ml acid Lab Report Investigating the Rate of Reaction Between Marble Chips and Acid when Variables are Changed :: essays research papers Investigating the rate of reaction between marble chips and acid when variables are changed Aim: to find out how changing the concentration of acid by diluting it affects the rate of reaction. Planning: I will use marble chips and different concentrations of hydrochloric acid and water to see how it affects the rate of reaction. I will use 30ml of liquid made up of different concentrations of acid diluted with water. Introduction: I have decided to vary the concentration of the acid as my variable I could have chosen other variables to change such as changing the heat of the acid, the size of the marble chips and many others variables. The word equation for this reaction is Marble + Hydrochloric ïÆ'  , Carbon + Water + Calcium Chips Acid Dioxide Chloride and the symbol equation for this is CaCl + CO2 + H2O so CaCO + HCl ïÆ'  , CaCl + CO2 + H2O. Apparatus: A Stop Clock - To determine how long it takes to collect enough gas to fill the measuring cylinder. A Water Bath - To stop the water escaping from the measuring cylinder. A Measuring cylinder - To measure the amount of gas that is given off. A Chronicle Flask - Contains the marble chips, hydrochloric acid and the water that will make the reaction. A Tube - To connect the conical flask to the measuring cylinder. Method: Firstly, I will measure out 0.5 grams of powdered marble chips. Next I will measure out different concentrations of acid, these concentrations are, 30ml acid no water, 25ml acid 5ml water, 20ml acid 10ml water and 15ml acid 15ml water. I will then put the powdered marbled chips in the chronicle flask along with the acid and put the stopper on top. I will then record how long it takes for it to fill the measuring cylinder up. I will repeat each experiment 4 times so I can work out an average Prediction: I predict that when I have a higher concentration I will have a faster rate of reaction. I believe this is so because as you increase the concentration of the acid, there are more acid particles in the same volume. Therefore there is a greater chance of acid particles colliding, and reacting with more particles on the surface of the marble. So, this means that the higher the concentration of my acid the faster the reaction. Results: Test/acid strength 30ml acid no water 25ml acid 5ml water 20ml acid

Human resource manageent Essay

Understand the difference between personal management and human resource management 1. 1 Distinguish between personal management and human resource management Human resource management is the study of human resources who are people and work in an organization. There are various definitions of human resource management. Armstrong (2009), states that human resource management is concerned with all aspects of how people are employed and managed in organization. This definition is broad and makes clear about human resource management. According to this definition HRM covers all the activities like human capital management, corporate social responsibility, knowledge management, organizational development, performance management, employee relation, reward management which happens in organization for managing people. In other definition Randawa (2007) describes human resource management refers to the policies and practices involved in carrying out the people of human resource aspect of a management position. Armstrong (2009), states that the objective of the human resource management is to ensure that the organization is able to achieve success through people. Human resource management is an organizational function that deals with people in selecting, recruiting, training, communicating, motivating them. On the hand, the domain of the Human resource management is to plan, organise, direct and control the process of these activities into the organization. Personal management is also used to describe the management of people in the organization. Since the last few decades these two concepts have been taken interchangeably. But few scholars still raise the issues to describe these two concepts separately. However the study of human resource management says that the personal management is related to human resources that occupies the functions that deals with the employment of people within the organizations. Cole (2002) argues that personal management describes the same genre of management activity in such organizations. Cole explores the values and importance of personal management and says that personal management has been used to describe t he function of management that deals with the recruitment, employment, training, deployment, safety and departure of employees. Personal management aims to achieve specific efficiency and  justice in managing people because it is more concerned with the role and responsibility of the employees into organizations. It is concerned with job satisfaction, pay, promotion and motivation of employees. For example, job satisfaction and motivation can be judged personally that show the personal management has related with the overall study of human resource of management. It also includes developing and implementing the policies to create supportive environment for the employees. But the recent debate has tried to identify some few separate distinctions in effect of application of personal and human resource management. According to Cole (2002) the following distinctions are given: Personal management covers Human resource management covers 1. Servicing role 2. special department 3. Emphasis on procedures 4. Less flexible approach to staff 5. Focus on employees’ needs 1. Innovative role 2. General Management activity 3. Emphasis on strategy 4. flexible approach 5. Focus on employees requirements 1.2 Access the functions of human resource management of your chosen company Human resource management functions are known as its tasks performed in an organization to provide coordination of human resources. Pattanayak (2005) states that human resource functions are concerned with a variety of activities that significantly influence almost all areas of an organization. HRM functions can be divided into two parts. 1. Primary functions 2. Secondary functions To describe the functions of human resource management I have chosen Tesco which is the biggest and popular supermarket in the UK. Tesco sells foods, daily needs goods, beverages, and electronics. Tesco has extended its storesc  in other countries out of the UK. The goals of the human resource management are to increase the business by using the human resources perfectly. The proper use of human resource brings growth, profitability, competitiveness in the business. Primary functions of human resource management 1. Human resource planning: Planning is related to manage the demand and supply factors of human resource in organizations. Human resource is a basic resource of the organization. All the activities have to perform by human resources so the human resource management plans the strategy to manage the people into organization. Human resource management team of Tesco makes the plan of operation for a year in the beginning of the year. Management sets the policy and guidance for the whole operating process in the business. 2. Equal employment opportunity: Equal opportunity to the employees is a basic legal responsibility of the organization. Therefore human resource management plans to provide the equal opportunity of employment by setting the policy and procedures. 3. Staffing (recruitment and selection): Staffing is one of the most important responsibilities of management. To select the right people, at the right place in the right time is a challenge for management. To recruit the best person, management sets the selection procedures. It is a time consuming process. Human resource management selects the people according its requirement to achieve the organizational goals. 4. Payroll administration: Human resource management team is responsible to make employees’ payroll keeping track of hours of the employee. This is the task to ensure that the employees are receiving appropriate amount of pay for their working hours. Payroll administration is also responsible to calculate the taxes and addition in salary by bonuses, benefits, and overtime work. Tesco has thousands of employees so the payroll administration job of the HRM is very important and complicated. 5. Reward management: Reward management is related to motivation of employees. Reward is a prize or financial return for the better performance which motivates the employees. Human resource management provides extrinsic reward and intrinsic reward to employees. 6. Training and Development: Human resource management provides the training to develop the skills of the employees. Training is a necessary activity to develop the working skills of the people. 7. Performance Management: Performance management is a process to  establish the shared workforce which helps to achieve the organizational goal. HRM should keep the employee aware to achieve the objectives so it works for high performance workforce. 8. Employee relations: Employee relationship can contribute to high productivity, motivation and morale. Good relation of employee can solve the problems easily among each other and it supports the performance. 1.3 Evaluate the role and responsibilities of line managers Manager is a responsible person to operate the day to day business in Tesco. Line managers do the activities what the store managers do in the store. There are few role and responsibilities of duty managers. 1. Administrate work: Line managers do their job handling the day -to-day operations of the business. Managers control employees in and out log book, control inventory, keep records. 2. Planning: Line Managers are responsible for planning the operations in the business. Line managers in Tesco make the plan to operate the business functions of the day. 3. Direct: Line managers direct the employees and support them to do the work. Managers are the leaders also they guide their subordinates. 4. Evaluate: Line managers evaluate the performance of the employees; they can reward and punish them. 1.4 Analyse the impact of the UK legal and regulatory frame work on human resource management The UK Legal and regulatory Framework on human resource management has protected the employees from unfair discrimination in the work place. It defined and fixed the rights and equal access to job vacancies to everybody, working 40 hour in a week, minimum wages, and working overtime. The law has confirmed the same pay for men and women who do the equal work. Employers are obligated to provide safe and clean environment at their work place. Sex discrimination Act tells men and women are treated equally. The people must not be discriminated against marital status, sex, age, disability, race, sexual orientation, and gender. The law has prohibited all kinds of discriminations and harassment in the work. There are following law and regulations to control discriminations i.e. the equal Pay Act 1970, the sex Discrimination Act1975, The disability discrimination Act 1995, the employment Equality Reg ulations 2003, and The Equality Act 2006. 1.5 Identify and apply 3 strategies that can help line manager to recruit new staff for your chosen company The strategies that I would recommend to the line manager to recruit new staff for Tesco are as follow. a) Arrange for group interaction: This can be one of the effective strategies that a line manager can apply to recruit in Tesco. Group interaction brings out the best of the potential recruit and helps the line manager to understand their competitiveness among the group. b) Use non-traditional media to publish the job: using a non traditional media such as YouTube to advertise the post can reach to a far more group of potential candidates. c) Consider past candidate: This is one of the easiest and far cheaper way of recruitment. Digging in the past files of the candidates helps the line manager to make a decision effectively. 1.6 Critically evaluate the benefits of using a ‘soft system’ of approach of HRM in a business organization ‘Soft System’ approach of HRM is based on a kind of developmental humanism where trust, self regulated behaviour and commitment are at the centre of this strategic approach, with people considered key assets and the source of competitive advantage (Debroux, 2003). Some of the benefits of using this approach of HRM are so below. It maintains collaboration, partnership, goodwill and willingness of entities. It motivates and encourages employees to perform at their par. It turns the working environment to a comfort zone.

Illegal Immigration - 1709 Words

Illegal Immigration: The Undocumented Issue In this paper I will discuss one of the biggest issues in the United States: Illegal immigrants. Some may say that illegal immigration has a positive impact on the United States’ economy, and some think that these undocumented immigrants affect jobs and wages of people that are living in this country. I think that illegal immigrants harm the United States’ economy through their use of our country’s social services such as health care, education and social security as well as in the job market. The essay will take a look at the kind of job illegal immigrants are holding, and how they affect the economy and native workers. A majority of illegal immigrants are employed as construction†¦show more content†¦This is because public schools are required to provide education to all students regardless of immigration status and are prohibited from requiring proof of status. Illegal immigrants require more educational services than native-born children because of their lack of proficiency in English, which costs more for school. The Federation of American Immigration Reform study found that illegal students impose a $3.2 billion yearly cost on education, and they caused an uncompensated medical care accounted for $1.4 billion cost on California in 2004 (Nadadur). Since illegal immigrants are undocumented residents and workers for the United States, the statistics regarding their national expense will never be certain. The increase in illegal immigration contributes to the criminal justice system in the United States. The most obvious form of crime that illegal immigrants bring to the United States is often the most overlooked: The immigration itself. Many illegal immigrants not only violate United States immigration laws but violate United States drug laws. Despite overwhelming statistics reinforcing the idea of reducing illegal immigration into the United States, some individuals believe illegal immigration is a positive aspect of the country. One claim that these individuals make is that as long as working conditions are decent and the United States is still in need of more workers, illegal immigrants should be welcomed into the country. What these individuals failShow MoreRelatedIllegal Immigration 1280 Words   |  6 PagesIllegal immigration has been a source of mounting concern in the United States since the 1970’s. Statistics indicate that the past ten years have witnessed an increase in the number of illegal immigrants with the number estimated to increase in the future. â€Å"The percentage of illegal immigrant population from Mexico was 59% (or 6.8 million) as of January 2013. Other countries with large amounts are El Salvador (660,000) Guatemala (52000), Hondorous (380,000) and China (280,000)† (Infoplease 1). TheRead MoreIllegal immigration2120 Words   |  9 PagesAlien Invasion Illegal immigration is widespread throughout the United States. There are 12 million or more illegal aliens in the United States, this number continues to rise (Swartz). This influx of illegal immigrants causes jobless Americans to lose out on opportunities. Employers choose to pay illegal immigrants lower wages than American workers. Is it right to pay illegal immigrants less than Americans to do the same job? Should the illegal immigrants be deported? Should border control be increasedRead MoreIllegal Immigration1753 Words   |  8 PagesIllegal Immigration The Economy of Illegal Immigration The Economy of Illegal Immigration Americans on a daily basis are bombarded with broadcasts from newspapers, television, and special interest groups on the economic burdens created by illegal immigrants. Reports and statistics of growing state and local deficits; is it fact or fiction? In reality, undocumented Mexicans are necessary to the health of our economy. They provide a workforce in agriculture they keep the costs down; theyRead MoreIllegal Immigration598 Words   |  3 Pagesl ARTICLE ON ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION Migration has always represented an important factor in society’s development. Ever since ancient times, people have been travelling around the world, some staying only for a while, some choosing to set (A SE STABILI) in certain areas, getting married and starting a family with a local partner. Consequently, cultures and languages mixed and this is how powerful nations like England, The USA, Germany were born. This phenomenon of migration also takes place nowadaysRead MoreIllegal Immigration : Illegal Immigrants949 Words   |  4 PagesIllegal immigrants have been a hot topic lately due to the popularity of this topic amongst the Republican Presidential Nominees, especially Donald Trump. These illegal immigrants bring various things to this country when they come. Some things are positive, such as a family simply seeking to find a better life, while some things are harmful to the United States, such as the amount of crime among illegal immigrants. In July 2015, the most rece nt estimate of illegal immigrants was 11.2 million. ThisRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration1286 Words   |  6 Pages Undocumented Immigration An analysis of illegal immigration in the United States reveals one challenge facing the banks and other institutions: whether to provide banking and other services to the illegal immigrants or to treat them as criminals because they are illegal and therefore, not to provide them with banking and other services. The articles, â€Å"Crossing the Line† by Stein and â€Å"Illegal Immigrants – They’re Money,† by Rodriguez discuss the impact of illegal immigration in the United StatesRead MoreIllegal Immigration And Illegal Immigrants1335 Words   |  6 PagesIllegal immigration has been one of the main topics during the last three presidential election. Many bills and laws have been passed in order to keep them out but is it really necessary to neglect illegal immigrant? Most Americans believe that illegal immigrants are only people of Mexicans or Latin American descent but illegal immigrants can be from any race or country. Illegal immigration is defined by United States Department of Homeland Security as â€Å"†¦ all foreign-born non-citizens who are notRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration964 Words   |  4 PagesA. Attention Step (quotation, question, or story) About four months ago in government class, we had a class discussion. The topic was illegal immigration. One student said that America should send the illegal immigrants back to their country because they are taking American’s jobs. He stated that he would send his dad back to Mexico because he is an illegal immigrant. Going around the circle that we created, everyone gave their opinions, most disagreed, but some agreed with the student. When itRead MoreIllegal Immigrants : Illegal Immigration1155 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Illegal Immigration is a huge topic especially in 2017, bringing in different aspects about illegal immigrants. Illegal immigrants are told to be killers, drug dealers, job stealers and whom also hurt the U.S. economy. Is this true? Could it possibly be that they do all of this to hurt the United States? Or could it be that they truly come here for the American Dream? On one side of people’s perspectives illegal immigrants come here to help provide for their family and don’t takeRead MoreIllegal Immigration Should Be Illegal Essay959 Words   |  4 PagesIllegal Immigration Illegal Immigration has been a problem in United States for the past few years. Each year around 500,000 immigrants come into America illegally. Many try sneaking across the border, others are smuggled into the U.S. via shipping containers, in vehicles (automobile trucks) crossing the border at non-authorized locations. While some get caught, others quickly spread throughout the U.S. as far as Maine and New Hampshire. Since the 1960s till these present-day illegals continue

A Brief Analysis on Sexism in English - 5522 Words

A Brief Analysis on Sexism in English Abstract Sexism is engrained in the language people speak all over the world. English, one of the most popular languages in the world is no exception. The phenomenon of sexism is not only a linguistic one, but basically, a social issue that is far more notice-worthy than the public would have thought. Demonstrations of Sexism in English are too numerous to be totally covered. This paper illustrates demonstrations from the viewpoints of word-structure, word choosing, sentence structure, sentence pattern, meaning and speech, just to name the most common ones. Then it takes an insight into the causes of sexism in English— the historical, cultural, political, economical, educational, physiological†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"John is really a good guy, isn’t he?† Buy doing this, they successfully gain some room of maneuver to revise their statement but present themselves as indecisive, hesitant and liable to follow the tide. C. Sexism in Meaning One of the most underst andable demonstrations of English as a language of sexism is the generic reference of the masculine words. The masculine pronouns â€Å"he, his, himself† have been treated as common gender pronouns since last century. The American Congress even passed an act in 1880 to legalize this usage of â€Å"he† in Congress. What’s more, the word â€Å"man† has also been granted the privilege to cover both sexes. The 1776 Declaration of Independence out of which borne the so-called most democratic nation in the world proclaims that â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 4. British biologist Charles Darwin’s epoch-making masterpiece was titled â€Å"the origin of the man†. So it’s clear-cut from the above illustrations that certain masculine words have gained some generally recognized widened meanings. In additional, there are disparities between the paired words with respect to different sexes . The word â€Å"master† can mean: 1). a man who has people working for him, often as servants in his home; 2). a person who is able to control something; 3). a person who is skilled atShow MoreRelatedSexism : Women Are Weak, Less Intelligent, And Less Important Than Men1399 Words   |  6 PagesSexism is â€Å"the belief that women are weaker, less intelligent, and less important than men† (Longman, 1995).Sexism is defined â€Å"as a negative attitude or discriminatory behavior based on the presumed inferiority or difference of women as a group† (Cameron, 2001).Cornell (as cited in Trujillo, 1991, p. 290) defines hegemonic masculinity as â€Å"the culturally idealized form of masculine character† which underlines â€Å"the connecting of masculinity to toughness and competitiveness† and â€Å"the subordination ofRead MoreChurchill : A Single Issue Struggle Essay1649 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Caryl Churchill: Socialist Feminism and Brechtian Dramaturgy,† the third chapter of Janel le Reinelt’s After Brecht: British Epic Theatre (1994). 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Gender inequality has been in effect since almost the beginning of human existenceRead MoreExample Research: Critical Discourse Analysis9514 Words   |  39 Pages18 Critical Discourse Analysis TEUN A. VAN DIJK 0 Introduction: What Is Critical Discourse Analysis? Critical discourse analysis (CDA) is a type of discourse analytical research that primarily studies the way social power abuse, dominance, and inequality are enacted, reproduced, and resisted by text and talk in the social and political context. With such dissident research, critical discourse analysts take explicit position, and thus want to understand, expose, and ultimately resist social inequalityRead MoreDiversity At Workplace Diversity Within The Workplace3281 Words   |  14 Pagesoften ignored by academies. 3.0 Models and Theories of Managing Diversity There are many approaches, theories and models to manage a diverse workforce. This section criticises the most common and influential practices to manage diversity followed by brief description of practices along with their implications. Furthermore, this section discusses its effectiveness, challenges and impact over a period of time including social and demographic changes, globalisation and multi-cultural working environmentRead MoreGlobal Business Cultural Essay8829 Words   |  36 PagesGlobal Business Cultural Analysis: Canada Subin Panta Liberty University Abstract Canada is Canada is the 2nd largest country in the world with population over 30 million. Canada’s two largest and most important industries are logging and oil. The eight dimensions of business culture in Canada and the differences with US. Things to consider for US business retailers who wants to expand to Canada. How the free trade agreement between US and Canada started and settledRead MoreEssay on Nursing Care Plan2695 Words   |  11 PagesThe use of an interpreter or a bilingual health provider when presenting medication education (Aboul-Enein Ahmed 2006). Rationale 1a: An interpreter or bilingual health provider needs to be used when presenting medication education with a non-English speaking patient to bridge the language barrier between the health provider and the patient (Squires 2009). This is because generally when a person comprehends the important aspects of their medications the rate of compliance increases (McGraw DrennanRead MoreLanguage as a Social Construction of Reality.4593 Words   |  19 Pagesmyself and it is coercive in its effect on me.@ Research into the social psychology of language as well as studies on language and social interaction has evolved over the past several decades among several disciplines including sociology, psychology, English, anthropology, communication, philosophy, and linguistics (Robinson 1998; Wieder 1999). One way in which language is believed to influence our understanding of social reality 62 goes back to the ideas of Sapir (1929, 1949) and Whorf (1956). TheRead MoreCross Cultural Communication9880 Words   |  40 PagesThe effective communication holds one of the key of establishing business and personal relationship in these countries. 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Religion A Matter Of Belief - 1321 Words

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Hotel Brand Strategy of Contemporary Issues In The Hotel Industry Sa

Question: Describe about the Contemporary Issues in the Hotel Industry? Answer: Introduction Now days, Dens De Pelsmacker (2010) commented on the fact that with the development of hospitality industry, the hotel industry have becomes very much conscious and pioneer about branding. It is a belief that more the branding strategy will be strong; the brand image of the hotel will be good and will occupy a good position in the market. In addition to this Go Govers (2010) had a view that the hotel industry also gives a good focus on the hospitality and service provided to the customers and also stays focused regarding the quality of the service provided to the customers. Customer satisfaction is another important issue that the hotel industry is focused on as it considered to be the most important one. 1) Identified assumptions that are made According to Ling, Guo He (2012) the implicit assumptions that the made in this context regarding the hotel industry are- Assumption 1: awareness regarding the brand- The hotel needs to be focused regarding the brand consciousness and also need to act accordingly. Assumption 2: overall customer satisfaction- The hotel industry also needs to satisfy the customers for the overall progression and growth. Assumption 3: increasing market share- The hotel industry through customer satisfaction and up-graded performance needs to increase the market share to a considerable amount. Assumption 4: brand loyalty- The hotel works in the most progressive way to increase the brand loyalty of the hotel. Assumption 5: quality awareness- The hotel industry is always focused towards the quality for providing sufficient satisfaction to the customers. In addition to this, the explicit assumptions that are made in this context are- Assumption 6: the relationship between hotel brands and guests- The hotel industry focuses towards the relationship between guests and hotel brands. Assumption 7: extension of brand- The hotel industry in order to extend the brand needs to give a full satisfaction to the customers. Assumption 8: relationship between franchising and hotel branding There exists a firm relationship between hotel branding and franchising in order to rescale the financial effect on the hotel. Assumption 9: customers decision regarding the choice of hotels- For having the customers the hotel industry has to outperform in order to mould the customers decision towards the specific hotels. Assumption 10: value created by branding- The hotel industry focuses on the value that is created through branding. O'Neill, J. (2004) commented regarding the fact that these assumptions thus made in this article are entirely done to make the readers understand the strategy that the hotel undertakes to improve the brand image and capture a huge market position in this competitive environment. This article clearly identifies both the implicit and explicit assumptions that are made in this context that helps the readers in better understanding of the topic. 2) Challenges towards the assumptions that are made The assumptions that are made in this context are sufficient and there is no point of challenging the assumptions. Below are the points that support the claims. According to O'Neill Mattila (2009) it is clearly illustrated that the hotel industry are very much conscious about the overall branding. This is because depending on the branding, the brand image of the company is also highly affected. The hotel industry works hard for providing an overall satisfaction to the customers that also leads to the increased market share as well as loyalty of the customers towards the brand. In addition to this, Enz (2010) had a view that the hotel industry also is highly focused on the relationship between the hotel branding and the customers along with franchising and brands of the hotel. The hotel industry provides a good service to the customers and is also concerned with the overall satisfaction level on the customers since this affects the decision of the customers regarding the choice of the hotels. Moreover, Ling, Guo He (2012) also commented that the more the hotel will be satisfying the customers, the more it will have a potential growth and hence its market share will be increasing to a considerate rate. This will lead to the opening of new franchises that will also increase the brand image of the hotel and hence the hotel will be extended globally. 3) Explanation of the logical reasoning The assumptions that are made have a comprehensive explanation that will be supporting the article to a considerable extent. According to Go Govers (2010) it is a necessity of the hotel industry to look after the customer satisfaction and provide the customers with excellent services regarding all kind of issues. This satisfaction to the customers enhances the relationship between the hotel industry and the customers. As a result, Dens De Pelsmacker (2010) had commented that this creates a good bonding between the potential customers and the hotel industry. The customers in return recommend the hotel to their relatives, friends and colleagues through word of mouth and also write excellent reviews regarding the services of the hotel that ultimately affects the brand image and value of the hotel to the maximum. O'Neill Mattila (2009) commented on the fact that the factors that satisfy the customers and increase the value of the hotel are their excellent services, cleanliness in the hotel rooms, maintenance of the hotel, friendliness of the employees. Apart from this the knowledge of the employees regarding the services and attending the guests also affects the brand image of the hotel. In addition to this, Cunill (2006) had a view that more the hotel will be serving the customers and satisfying them, the more they will be collecting the revenues that will lead to the expansion and extension of the hotel industry. This will help the hotels to open new franchises that will attract more customers and will also provide services to them for having a good brand image. Moreover, De Mooij Hofstede (2010) commented on the fact that the services of the customers also affect the decision making process of the customers that directly affects the brand value of the hotels. It is to be remembered that the consumers are always biased towards those hotels and brands that are having a good market share, a good brand name and value. Moreover, Sturman, Corgel Verma (2011) also commented that the service that is provided by the hotels to the customers also affects the market share of the hotel. 4) Identifying evidence that are presented for assertions According to O'Neill Mattila (2009) this article have strong, clear and complete evidences regarding the assertions that are made in this article regarding the hotel brand strategy. The hotel brand and the customers have a very strong relationship between them along with a good relationship between franchising and hotel branding. Ling, Guo He (2012) commented that in this article that the lenders are much more comfortable towards a branded hotel rather than other hotels. This helps the lenders in incorporating tight financial formulas and laws for lending out money. For lending the money, Go Govers (2010) had a view that the owners also need to scrutinize the portfolio of a firm for incorporating the branding strategies that are most suitable to the property of the owners. For extending the brand image and attracting more customers the hotel industry plays a pivotal role and also is multi- disciple for serving the customers according to their travel reasons. Dens De Pelsmacker (2010) commented that there are several customers those are travelling during several purposes and trusts of the brands of the hotel regarding their services. The more the customers will be satisfied through the services; the brand image of the hotel industry will flourish in this competitive market. The customers through various sources such as websites and word of mouth understands the hospitality and customer services of the hotels and based on it the chooses the hotels. Another factor that affects the value of the brand of the hotel industry is the word of mouth of the customers. It is a very essential and strong marketing strategy that helps the hotel in gaining a huge customer database and also helps it to get extended globally for serving the customers. Cunill (2006) had an opinion that the brand extension of the hotel also helps in getting a financial advantage and collecting higher revenues. In addition to this, the familiar and popular brands also get an added advantage in collecting higher revenues and savings from the market. 5) Explanation of the evidence if necessary In this section, the above mentioned evidences that are mentioned are clearly described and explained for the ease of the customers. De Mooij Hofstede (2010) commented on the fact that the customers decision also depends on the services of the hotel to the customers according to their needs and requirements. The cleanliness regarding the hotel rooms, the attitude of the employees towards the customers and their treatment also affects the customer retention and satisfaction. According to Herskovitz Crystal (2010) the hotels will be getting more branding and value once they will be satisfying the customers and retaining those customers in future. Moreover, this will also help in getting a strong word of mouth from the customers that will also increase their brand value and image that will also help in occupying a good image among the competitive market. In addition to this, Ling, Guo He (2012) commented on the fact that the hotels need to have a good brand image in the eyes of the customers by providing them with all the luxuries and services that they claim to give their guests. It is important to remember that the more the hotels will excel in delivering excellent services to the customers, the more the hotel will be gaining competitive advantage over other branded hotels. Go Govers (2010) also had a view that maintaining good relationship with the customers also benefits the hotel in gaining the old customers as well as new customers. Depending on the quality of the services and attending the guests and keeping the rooms and other sections of the hotel clean, the relationship between the customers and the hotel also gets improved. Apart from this, O'Neill Mattila (2009) also had an opinion that on the basis of branding and retention of the customers, the brand loyalty of the hotel depends. More the customers will be loyal with the hotel, the brand value will be increased that will definitely affect the market share of the hotel. 6) Explanation of whose interests and what interests are served by the assertions made by author In this article the assertions that the author has made serves the interest of both the customers and the hotel industry. According to Cunill (2006) the relationship between the hotel industry and customers are closely kitted with each other and are strongly dependent on one another. The brand value of the hotel strongly depends on the services provided to the customers and the loyalty of the customers in return. Moreover, Dens De Pelsmacker (2010) commented on the fact that the interest and aim of the hotel industry is to gain maximum number of the customers, brand value as well as revenues that are essential for extension of the hotel industry in this highly competitive market edge. In order to fulfill the interest of the hotels for gaining a good name and revenues, the hotel industry tries their maximum level in satisfying the customers with their service quality and friendliness. In addition to this, Enz (2010) had a view regarding this is that the interest of the customers are also served by the branded hotels. The customers travel from one place to another place and book a branded hotel for staying safe and getting the services properly as well as in time on the basis of their requirements. Apart from this, Ling, Guo He (2012) also had a saying regarding the interests of the customers is that the customers favor those hotels that already have a name, brand value and a good image in the market. The loyalty of the customers stays biased with these hotels with a god brand image and value. This fulfills the interests of the customers by getting a good and a quality service from these hotels. 7) Explanation of the values that underpin the reasoning The article have enough and comprehensive explanation that strengthens and supports the value that are mentioned over here. According to Go Govers (2010) the hotel industry gains more brand loyalty from the customers by providing excellent services to them. This also helps them in retaining the customers that also helps in getting increased services that also help the hotel industry in gaining revenues and higher customer database. The customers also in return stay loyal to those hotels that provide them with the best services and stand up to their needs and requirements. O'Neill Mattila (2009) commented on the reality that the guest satisfaction now days have become one of the important factors for collecting the revenues that will be helping in determining the success of the hotel industry. Enz (2010) had an opinion that depending on the satisfaction of the guests the brand image and collection of the revenues are dependent on. In order to have a steady growth of the hotel, it is essential for the hotel to hold back its image by providing a good service to the customers and satisfying the guests according to the requirement. This helps the hotel to get extended globally for serving the customers and satisfying them. According to Dens De Pelsmacker (2010) the satisfaction level of the customers determines the repeat visits of the customers to those hotels. In addition to this, the friendliness of the employees and their service along with the maintenance of the hotels and rooms also support the evidences to retain back the customers. 8) Explanation the implications of the conclusion In order to hold up the image of the hotel and its brand value O'Neill (2004) commented on the fact that the hotel industry needs to focus on the customer service and satisfaction of the customers. This article well explains the ways to hold up the brand image of the hotel industry as well as retain the customers and maintain a good relationship with the customers. The hotel industry apart from servicing the customers also needs to concentrate on the expansion and extension of the business. This is done if the hotel will be having a good brand image and value. Moreover, Go Govers (2010) had a view that the easy access of the loans is facilitated if the hotel industry will be having a reputed brand image in the society and in the competitive market. It is also often seen that due to mismanagement sometimes the customers complain regarding it, but it can be sorted out easily by handling the grievances of the customers with tactics. This article also shows how the hotel industry works for performing both on the long term and short term equity of the hotel in order to achieve the goals. 9) Explanation of alternative conclusion that can be drawn from the evidence This article well explains the brand image of the hotel and the factors that helps the hotel in keeping up to the mark in this competitive edge. So, on the basis of the article and the factors that are mentioned for keeping up the brand image of the organization, the conclusions are drawn. The article has focused on the strategies that the hotel industries adopt for a long term sustention in the market and occupy a good position in the market. The factors such as keeping relationship with the customers, maintaining a good brand image and providing a good service to the customers helps the hotel industry in getting a good brand image and brand name in the hospitality industry. Moreover, the increase in market share also helps in market extension and service to the customers. The well maintenance and cleanliness of the hotel industry influences the customers to a huge extent which therefore affects the brand image of the hostel. 10) Explanation how generalized the conclusions are The conclusions that are given in this context in the article have an extensible explanation regarding the strategies that the hotel industries generally adopt in order to compete this competitive environment. The conclusions so drawn are focused on the interest of both the hotel industry and customers since both the factors are interlinked with each other. The better the services will be, the better the customers will be accessing the hotel that will ultimately lead to the success of the hotel which will earn it a good brand value and image. References Cunill, O. (2006). The growth strategies of hotel chains. New York: Haworth Hospitality Press. De Mooij, M., Hofstede, G. (2010). The Hofstede model: applications to global branding and advertising strategy and research. International Journal Of Advertising, 29(1), 85. doi:10.2501/s026504870920104x Dens, N., De Pelsmacker, P. (2010). Consumer response to different advertising appeals for new products: The moderating influence of branding strategy and product category involvement. J Brand Manag, 18(1), 50-65. doi:10.1057/bm.2010.22 Enz, C. (2010). The Cornell School of Hotel Administration handbook of applied hospitality strategy. Los Angeles: SAGE. Go, F., Govers, R. (2010). International place branding yearbook 2010. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Herskovitz, S., Crystal, M. (2010). The essential brand persona: storytelling and branding. Journal Of Business Strategy, 31(3), 21-28. doi:10.1108/02756661011036673 Ling, L., Guo, X., He, L. (2012). Optimal pricing strategy of hotel for long-term stay. IJSTM, 17(1), 72. doi:10.1504/ijstm.2012.048024 O'Neill, J. (2004). Hotel Branding Strategy: Its Relationship to Guest Satisfaction and Room Revenue. Journal Of Hospitality Tourism Research, 28(2), 156-165. doi:10.1177/1096348004264081 O'Neill, J., Mattila, A. (2009). Hotel Brand Strategy. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 51(1), 27-34. doi:10.1177/1938965509352286 Sturman, M., Corgel, J., Verma, R. (2011). The Cornell School of Hotel Administration on Hospitality. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.